Java vs python. Which is better?

Programming language are the key to computer science, from the starting of computer science to till now there are approx 2500 programming language available but not all of them are popular and used by a big number of people.

But there are a few programming languages which are very popular and majorly used in modern computer science projects are two of them are Java and python.

So, today we will talk about Java and python and see the differences between them and will learn about when we should use Java and when python.

Java

Java is a programming language that was first developed by Sun Microsystems in the mid-1990s. It is known for its platform independence, which means that Java programs can run on various operating systems without modification. 

Java is a platform independent language that means you can run the code without the need of seperate compilation setup.

Uses

Mobile applications

Web development 

Game development

Internet of things

Pros

-Java has a variety of integrated development environments (IDEs) like Eclipse, IntelliJ IDEA, and NetBeans, which offer powerful tools for code development, debugging, and testing.

-Java's performance and scalability make it suitable for building large-scale, enterprise-level applications and systems.

-Java is generally faster than python programming.

Cons

-Java's strict object-oriented nature and design patterns can make it more complex, especially for beginners or those transitioning from simpler languages.

-Longer lines of codes than python, you need to write more terms for a simple code which could be done in fewer lines with python.

Python 

Python is a popular high-level programming language known for its readability and versatility. It's widely used in various fields, such as web development, data analysis, artificial intelligence, scientific research, and more. Its syntax is easy to understand, making it a great choice for beginners and experienced programmers alike.

Uses 

Machine learning

Web development

Scientific computing

Natural language processing

Cybersecurity 

Data analysis

Pros

-Python is known for its simplicity and it is very easy to use that's why most people learn python as  their first programming language .

-it has frameworks like django, flask which uses to deployment of web application.

-Python is an interpreted language, meaning you can execute code without the need for a separate compilation step. This speeds up the development and testing process.

-Python's clean and straightforward syntax promotes readable and maintainable code, which reduces the chances of errors and makes collaboration easier.

Cons

-Python is an interpreted language, which can result in slower execution compared to compiled languages like  java. While this performance gap may not be significant for many applications, it can be a concern for computationally intensive tasks.

-While Python can be used for mobile app development (e.g., with frameworks like Kivy), it is not as commonly used as languages like Java.

-Python’s database access layers are weaker than Java’s JDBC. This is why it is rarely used in enterprises

Conclusion

Java and python both are mainstream programming languages and both have their own benifits.

Use Java if you need high performance, scalability, strong type checking, and access to mature enterprise frameworks.

Use python if you need quick prototyping, and want to work on data-related tasks or emerging fields like machine learning and AI.

Python is going to became more friendly to developers but currently java is the most preferred.